16 inch guns

16 Inch Guns - The Mark 6 caliber 16"/45 gun was a naval gun developed by the United States Navy in 1936 for its charter warships. It was introduced on North Carolina-class battleships in 1941, replacing the original 14" /50 caliber Mark B. guns, and was used in the following South Dakota department. These warplanes carry nine guns in three gun turrets. The gun was the first of the 16"/45 caliber guns used in the Colorado class and the 16"/50 caliber gun used in the Iowa class.

They were an improved version of the 16-inch/45 Mark 5 guns mounted on Colorado ships with a projection of up to 2,240 lb (1,020 kg) at an average range of 35,000 yards (32,000). m) range and the maximum height of 30 degrees of their tower.

16 Inch Guns

Another significant change from the older weapons was the Mark 6's ability to fire the new 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) anti-tank (AP) projectile developed by the Ordnance Office. When loaded with the new gun, the heavy projectile would be ejected at a maximum velocity of 2,300 ft/s (700 m/s); with a reduced charge, the single projectile was fired at 1,800 f/s (550 m/s).

File:uss Iowa (bb 61) Ramming Powder Bags.jpg

Barrel life — the approximate number of rounds a gun can sell before being pulled or replaced — was 395 rounds using the AP, which increased to 2,860 during the test rounds. By way of comparison, the 12"/50 caliber Mark 8 gun on the Alaska-class ships had 344 rounds, while the 16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun on the Civil War Iowa had 290 rounds.

By rotating at 4 degrees per second, each turret can train at an angle of 150 degrees on either side of the plane. Guns can be raised up to 45 degrees; The first and third turrets can move down to -2 degrees, but due to its high firing position, the two turret guns can only move down to 0 degrees.

Each gun barrel is 61 ft 4 in (18.69 m) long, diameter 45, so size 16"/45; length of barrel 60 ft (18 m) and length of rifling 51.5 ft (15.7 m). The maximum limit is reached. at an elevation of 45 degrees. With a heavy AP shell, the maximum range is 36,900 yards (21.0 mi; 33.7 km) and with a 1,900 lb (860 kg) light weight (HC) projectile, 40, 180 yd (22.8 mi ) about 36.7 km) the guns weighed 192,310 lb (87,230 kg; 86 long tons), excluding barrels; the turrets weighed more than 3,100 l (01 .01) 410,000 kg; 1,400 long tons.

Shooting the same shots, the 16in/45 Mark 6 has a slight advantage over the 16in/50 Mark 7 wh deck armor - a round from a 45 cal gun will be slower, meaning its trajectory will be longer. he went down. At 35,000 yards (20 mi; 32 km), the 45 cal bullet will hit the ship at an angle of 45.2 degrees, compared to the 36 degree angle of the 50 cal.

Return Of The Gun Line

The Mark 6 and 7 guns were designed to fire the 2,240 lb (1,020 kg) (1.00 long tons) Mark 5 anti-tank projectile. However, the weapon control system was redesigned to allow the use of a "super-heavy" 2,700 lb (1,200 kg) APCBC (armor piercing, cap, ballistic cap) Mark 8 projectile ahead of each Iowa. - Listed are valuable warplanes. The main guns were designed to fire two different 16-inch (406 mm) shells: an armor-piercing shell for anti-ship and operational purposes, and a high-explosive shell designed for use against unarmored targets and bombing on the beach. .

With the Mark 8 ammunition, the North Carolina, South Dakota, and Iowa were the second Civil War types, although the North Carolina and South Dakota ships were Civil War. Only the Yamato class can add weight. The disadvantage of the Mark 6 compared to other modern battleship classes is its short range.

The propellant consists of small cylindrical smokeless powder particles with extremely high heat speed. The average charge consists of six silk bags, each filled with 50 kilograms of protein.

The Mark 6 16-inch gun has many dimensions associated with American WWII war history.

File:a Close Up View Of Mark 7 16 Inch 50 Caliber Guns On The Battleship

The battleship USS Massachusetts (BB-59) was the first to use these 16"/45" guns as a primary weapon and is believed to have fired the first and last US 16" ammunition in World War II;

The first used on November 8, 1942, during the naval battle of Casablanca (sex before the Battle of Guadalcanal).

In addition, their use in Casablanca was the only time a US Navy cruiser fired its gun in anger in the European theater, and it was one of two weapons used in the second world war. . Massachusetts' heavy 16-inch AP shells caused serious damage to the incomplete Jean Bart, although some shells exploded because they were fitted with fuses made in 1918. there would have been nothing in the magazines of the 152 mm guns and they disappeared, if this magazine had been filled with a gas charge, the resulting explosion would have destroyed the ship, while the fifth round of the Massachusetts would have collided with the turning engine of Jean Bart's main battery only. turret.

Second, as the first armament of the USS Washington (BB-56), these guns were used against the Kirishima of the Japanese Navy (a much larger and stronger ship armed with 8 × 14-inch guns and he was designed as a fighter during the World). Battle II) in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal during; Historians describe this as the only time in World War II that an American warship was sunk by an enemy warship.

British Battleship Hms Rodney And Her 16 Inch (406cm) Guns In Triple Turrets All On The Front Deck.

(During the battleship skirmishes in Leyte Gulf, it was credited with roughing up rather than gunfire and the sinking of enemy warships.) In Washington, the ship's fire control - a in this case, Ford Instrum - helped. The Mark 8 Range Keeper analog computer is used to fire the fighter's guns, taking into account many factors such as the speed of the target aircraft, the time it takes the projectile to travel, and the air resistance to the aircraft. . projectile. target. This gave the U.S. Navy a significant advantage in the Pacific War, as the Japanese did not develop radars or automatic fire control to such a degree (although they did have sophisticated anti-aircraft guns that were used since WWI).

Washington could track and fire on targets at higher altitudes and with greater accuracy, as demonstrated in November 1942 when she measured Kirishima at night from a distance of 8,400 yards (7,700 m). Armed with nine 16"/45 caliber Mark 6 guns, Washington fired 75 rounds of 16" AP and scored an incredible twenty hits that destroyed Kirishima, which eventually sank.

During this battle, South Dakota also fired several salvos from her 16"/45 guns before being forced to withdraw for repairs due to malfunctions.

The U.S. Navy's next battleship class, the Iowa class, did not fall under the Convention's responsibilities and further migration was permitted. However, in their original plan, the General Commission was surprised that an increase in tonnage of 10,000 long tons (10,000 tons) would increase the volume of 6 (11 km / h; 6.9 mph) on the South Dakotas. . Instead of retaining the 16"/45 Mark 6 guns used in the South Dakota, it was ordered that the forward training include the more powerful (but heavier) 16"/50 Mark 2 guns remaining from the Lexington class and was cancelled. Battlecruisers and South Dakota-class Battleships in the early 1920s. Also, it allows ships to increase their draft, meaning that ships can be reduced (reduced weight) and power can be reduced (as smaller beams reduce drag).

A Man Works Around The 16 Inch Guns At The Bow Of The U.s. Battleship \

The Mark 2 50-caliber turret weighs about 400 t (410 t) more than the Mark 6 45-caliber; It was also necessary to increase the size of the barbet, so the total weight reached about 2,000 long tons (t2,000), which gave the ship a total of 46,551 tons (47,298 t) - more than 45 tons. , 000 long tons limit. An equipment savior appeared in the Ordnance Bureau's early plans for a turret capable of mounting .50-caliber guns in a compact. This achievement was presented to the Central Commission on June 2, 1938 as part of the plans.

However, the Mark 7 rifle still weighed 239,000 pounds (108,000 kg) without the stock, or 267,900 pounds with the stock, much heavier than the Mark 6, which weighed 192,310,237 kg. .

The Mark 7 has a greater range than the Mark 6: 23.64 miles (38.04 km) to 22.829 miles (36.740 km). Firing the same conventional rifle, the 16"/45 caliber Mark 6 gun used in the Civil War by North Carolina and South Dakota had a slight advantage over the 16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun of the Iowa class. Floor armor - a round from a 45 cal rifle will be slower, meaning it will have a downward slope. you 35,000

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